This finding supports the model that only one-electron transfer steps are involved in dehydratase catalysis, and discusses a common basic mechanism of the two diverse systems, which are so far the only described examples of the all-ferrous [4Fe–4S]0 cluster found in biology.
While GPT-4’s report is a step towards open discussions on LLMs, more extensive interdisciplinary reviews are essential for addressing bias, harm, and risk concerns, especially in high-risk domains.
This work introduces CBR-RAG, where CBR cycle's initial retrieval stage, its indexing vocabulary, and similarity knowledge containers are used to enhance LLM queries with contextually relevant cases, and presents an evaluation of CBR-RAG.
It is presented that computers can bring great changes to classrooms in the next decade, but improper enthusiasm must be discouraged and the passion for computers can be managed by a more realistic research agenda.
It is posits that the banking sector must embrace a holistic and adaptive approach to cybersecurity, underscored by strategic investments in technology, education, and collaboration to navigate the evolving cyber threat landscape effectively.
A novel application of large language models (LLMs) in legal education to help non-experts learn intricate legal concepts through storytelling, an effective pedagogical tool in conveying complex and abstract concepts is presented.
A synthesis of 141 binding policies applicable to AI in healthcare and population health in the EU and 10 European countries is presented, which has already formed a baseline regulatory framework for AI in health.
This paper proposes CoTaEval, an evaluation framework to assess the effectiveness of copyright takedown methods, the impact on the model's ability to retain uncopyrightable factual knowledge from the training data whose recitation is embargoed, and how well the model maintains its general utility and efficiency.
This paper presents the first systematic study of content moderation policies from the 43 largest online platforms hosting user-generated content, focusing on policies around copyright infringement, harmful speech, and misleading content.
The article argues in favour of establishing clear guidelines for the generation and processing of synthetic data, prioritising the principles of transparency, accountability and fairness, with a focus on the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation.
This work introduces Copy-Protected generation with Retrieval (CPR), a new method for RAG with strong copyright protection guarantees in a mixed-private setting for diffusion models, and proves that CPR satisfies Near Access Freeness (NAF), which bounds the amount of information an attacker may be able to extract from the generated images.
A typology is proposed that distinguishes the different stages of the AI life-cycle, the high-level ethical principles that should govern their implementation, and the tools with the potential to foster compliance with these principles, encompassing both technical and conceptual resources.
A dataset comprising 428 worldwide data breaches between 2018 and 2019 is studied, providing a visualization of the related statistics, such as the most affected countries, the predominant economic sector targeted in different countries, and the median number of records leaked per incident in different countries, regions, and sectors.
An in-depth examination of a variety of articles is conducted to enhance the comprehension of the challenges related to safeguarding and fortifying data within the cloud environment and strategically addresses emerging challenges in cloud digital forensics.
This work articulates fundamental mismatches between technical methods for machine unlearning in Generative AI, and documented aspirations for broader impact that these methods could have for law and policy, and provides a framework for thinking rigorously about these challenges.
It is recommended that educators introduce AI as one tool among many in the designer’s toolkit and encourage it to be used as a process tool rather than for generating final design deliverables.
This paper explores the concept, methods, and legal complexities of AI-based phenotyping within the EU, highlighting the transformative potential of such tools for public health while emphasizing the critical need to balance innovation with the protection of individual privacy and ethical boundaries.
To address the ethical, legal, and societal issues raised by highly accessible and portable MRI, an interdisciplinary Working Group engaged in a multi-year structured process of analysis and consensus building, informed by empirical research on the perspectives of experts and the general public is presented.
The study systematically categorizes cyber threats, scrutinizes their distinctive characteristics, and elucidates the modus operandi of each attack type, offering indispensable insights for securing the authors' digital future in an era marked by escalating interconnectivity and technological dependence.
A review of the history and present situation of the use of LWOP, an alternative to the death penalty, in the United States, and some of the aspects of its use since its launch in 2002.
This work draws on the technical literature to provide a firm foundation for legal discussions, providing a precise definition of memorization: a model has"memorized" a piece of training data when it is possible to reconstruct from the model a near-exact copy of a substantial portion of that piece of training data.
An analysis of the interaction between the 510(k) process —the historically dominant path to market for most medical devices— and the De Novo pathway, a more recent alternative that targets more novel devices, including those involving new technologies, diagnostics, hardware, and software.
The research has shown that the persistence and recovery of biological deposits is not only measurable but more importantly, may have the potential to be estimated, may build an understanding that can provide valuable guidance for collection efficiency evaluations, and the assessing of the probability of particular profiles, given alternate propositions of means of transfer occurring.
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